Biodiversity is not evenly distributed, rather it varies greatly across the globe as well as within regions. This publication contains the biological diversity act, 2002 and the biological diversity rules, 2004 that was promulgated by the government of india. The variety of species and ecosystems on earth and the ecological processes of which they are a part. Report on the scientific roundtable on biological diversity convened by the chequamegon and nicolet national forests. In many instances, these suggestions draw on existing environmental policy documents and action plans such as the world. Species diversity is all the differences within and between populations of species, as well as between different species. It refers to all the variety of life that can be found on earth plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms as well as to the communities that they form and the habitats in which they live. Alpha, beta, and gamma diversity biology libretexts.
This conceptual diagram summarizes what we know about the shape of the biodiversityecosystem functioning bef relationship based on summaries of. Biological diversity, ecological integrity, and for. Biological diversity article about biological diversity by. Biodiversity definition biological diversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part. Biological diversity definition and meaning collins english. Synonyms for biological diversity in free thesaurus. A population is a group of individuals of the same spe.
Biodiversity is the shortened form of two words biological and diversity. The convention on biological diversity calls for each party to develop a national biodiversity strategy and action plan nbsap to guarantee that the objectives of the convention are undertaken at all levels and in all sectors in each country article 6. Biodiversity or biological diversity is defined by the united nations convention on biological diversity as. Colombia and kenya, for example, each have more than 1,000 breeding species of birds, whereas the forests of. Aug 09, 2011 biological diversity has been diminished at the hand of humankind through habitat fragmentation and reduction, direct overexploitation, pollution and introduced invasive species. The study of the spatial distribution of organisms, species and ecosystems, is the science of biogeography. Scientists have variously estimated that there are from 3 to 30 million extant species, of which 2. State of belizes biological data collecting and ecosystem mapping to date the history of collecting in belize is being described in detail by both balick et al.
Biological diversity vocabulary science 9 flashcards. Biological diversity refers to the variety of lifeforms, commonly expressed as the number of species or the number of genetic types in an area. Biodiversity, also called biological diversity, the variety of life found in a place on earth or, often, the total variety of life on earth. Biological diversity, ecological integrity, and neotropical migrants. Biodiversity is usually plotted as taxonomic richness of a geographic area, with some reference to a temporal scale.
Convention on biological diversity 19921 biodiversity is a compound word derived from biological diversity and therefore is considered to have the same meaning. Biological diversity definition and meaning collins. A common measure of this variety, called species richness, is the count of species in an area. Biological diversity, in order to further examine the possibility of including the disclosure requirement in appropriate international agreements. The use of the synonymous term biological diversity can be traced back to at least 1980 swingland, 20, while the contracted form, common in the second decade of the 21st century, was coined in. Modern principles of other fields, such as chemistry, medicine, and physics, for example, are integrated with those of biology in areas such as biochemistry, biomedicine, and biophysics. It has been estimated that more than 50 million species of plants, animals and microorganisms are. Biological diversity definition of biological diversity by. At the highest level, you can look at all the different species on the entire earth.
Biodiversity glossary1 convention on biological diversity. Human biological diversity human biodiversity reading list. Biodiversity, a contraction of the phrase biological diversity, is a complex topic, covering many aspects of biological variation. The convention on biological diversity gives a formal definition of. Short for biological diversity, biodiversity includes all organisms, species, and populations. Biological diversity, very simply, refers to all of the different kinds of life on earth. The variability among living organisms from all sources, including, inter alia among other things, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part. Species diversity is all the different species, as well as the differences within and between different species. Conference on biological diversity 1981 and the na tional forum on biodiversity 1986 in washington, d. Among other factors, the diversity of all living things depends on temperature, precipitation, altitude, soils, geography and the presence of other species. Biological diversity synonyms, biological diversity pronunciation, biological diversity translation, english dictionary definition of biological diversity. Biodiversity definition of biodiversity by merriamwebster. Whittaker 1972 described three terms for measuring biodiversity over spatial scales. Biological diversity article about biological diversity.
Biological diversity vocabulary science 9 flashcards quizlet. Whittaker described three common metrics used to measure specieslevel biodiversity, encompassing attention to species richness or species evenness. In popular usage, the word biodiversity is often used to describe all the species living in a particular area. It also refers to the interrelatedness of genes, species, and ecosystems and their interactions with the. Functional diversity pertains to the elements of biodiversity that have an effect on the function of the ecosystem. Diversity in biological sense thus measures the variety of organisms in a particular ecosystem. A complex issue in discussing biological diversity, it is important to realize that ecological systems are highly complex, and t.
Human society depends on biological resources, their diversity and the ecosystems that sustain them to provide essential goods and services. Alpha diversity refers to the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem, and is usually expressed by the number of species i. A collection of this biodiversity would include human beings, bengal tigers, sugar maples, oyster mushrooms, bacteria, and the millions of other living organisms. Ecosystem diversity is all the different habitats, biological communities and. An estimated 40 per cent of the global economy is based on biologi. Biological diversity variation in genes, species, functional traits expand our focus improve predictions link functions to services figure 1 the form of a typical diversityfunction relationship. Convention on biological diversity preamble the contracting parties, conscious of the intrinsic value of biological diversity and of the ecological, genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic values of biological diversity and its components.
Aware of the generai lack of information and knowledge regarding biological diversity and of the urgent need to develop scientific. Biological diversity synonyms, biological diversity antonyms. Biodiversity also includes the genetic information that these organisms contain. Belize volume i 2001 programme for belize, 1 eyre street, belize city, belize. According to biological species concepts bsc, species is a basic unit of classification and is defined as a group of similar organisms that interbreed with one another and produce offsprings and share a common lineage. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. I n the past 20years remarkable progress has been made towards understanding how the loss of biodiversity affects the functioning. Pdf an unequivocal, precise, and generally accepted definition of biodiversity does not exist. The variability among living organisms from all sources including inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part. Ecosystem diversity is all the different habitats, biological communities, and ecological processes, as well as variation within individual. The diversity of life on earth is so great that if we use it sustainably we can go on developing new products from biodiversity for many generations. Ecosystem diversity is all the different habitats, biological communities, and ecological processes, as well as variation within individual ecosystems. Hence, in its broadest definition, biological diversity is the manifestation of virtually every biological process known biodiversity. Diversity definition and examples biology online dictionary.
The use of living things to make agricultural, industrial, or medicinal products. Notes on definition the cbd definition is the internationally accepted definition of biodiversity. Also called biodiversity, biological diversity is often used to refer to the total number of different species on earth. On a much smaller scale, you can study biodiversity within a pond ecosystem or a neighborhood park. Biology is subdivided into separate branches for convenience of study, though all the subdivisions are interrelated by basic principles. This multinational treaty went into effect on december 29, 1993 with the objective of developing international approaches for conserving and promoting sustainable interactions surrounding biological diversity. This can only happen if we manage biodiversity as a precious resource and prevent the extinction of species. Biodiversity found on earth today consists of many millions of distinct biological species, the product of four billion years of evolution. Species richness the simplest of the indices available simpson index. Crop diversity refers to the variance in genetic and phenotypic characteristics of plants used in agriculture.
Biodiversity, besides its ecological significance provides a socioeconomic and monetary asset to the nation. Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is the sum of all the different species of plants, animals, fungi and microbial organisms that live on earth, including the various ecosystems in which they live on. Biological diversity chapter and biological invasions. However the need for such a definition that is both scientifically sensible and universally applicable is. This chapter provides policy for maintaining and restoring, where appropriate, the biological integrity, diversity, and environmental health of the national wildlife refuge system. Genetic diversity is all the different genes contained in all the living species, including individual plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. Biology, study of living things and their vital processes that deals with all the physicochemical aspects of life. Biological diversity, ecological integrity, and for wildlife. Biodiversity definition is biological diversity in an environment as indicated by numbers of different species of plants and animals.
Biodiversityshort for biological diversitymeans the diversity of life in all its formsthe diversity of species, of genetic variations within one species, and of ecosystems. Marine biodiversity marinebio conservation society. Biological diversity list of high impact articles ppts. Genetic diversity the genetic material of microorganisms, plants and animals contains information that. This document may therefore be reproduced for educational and nonprofit purposes without special permission from the national biodiversity authority. Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life on earth. The primary goal of a guide to the convention on biological diversity is to explain the conventions text. Someone recently said, assertions about the importance of hbd human biodiversity are rife on the internet among highiq bloggers. Examples of how to use biological diversity in a sentence from the cambridge dictionary labs. Biological diversity definition of biological diversity. The importance of biological diversity to human society is hard to overstate.
Where appropriate, options for implementing a convention article are provided. However the need for such a definition that is both. An unequivocal, precise, and generally accepted definition of biodiversity does not exist. The relationship between the trips agreement and the convention on biological diversity is also under discussion in the trips council, with a view to ensuring their mutual supportiveness. Finescaled human genetic structure revealed by snp microarrays. Strategy conference on biological diversity 1981 and the national forum on biodiversity 1986 in washington. However, the word biodiversity is relatively new, and is thought to have first been coined as a contraction of the term biological diversity in 1985 and then popularised by a number of authors1. Biological diversity synonyms, biological diversity.
A guide to the convention on international union for. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Biological diversity the variety of species and ecosystems on earth and the ecological processes of which they are a part. Thus, while it is custom to separate the study of plants from that of animals, and the study of the structure of organisms from that of function, all living things share in common certain biological phenomenafor example, various means of reproduction. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Human biological diversity human biodiversity reading.
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